MOSCOW (Reuters) - A group leading an Islamist insurgency against Russia said on Sunday it was not at war with the United States, distancing itself from last week's Boston Marathon bombing.
Ethnic Chechen Tamerlan Tsarnaev, 26, who was killed in a gunfight with police following a manhunt that shut down Boston on Friday, and his younger brother Dzhokhar, 19, are suspected of carrying out the attack last week.
A trip the elder Tsarnaev made last year to Russia's volatile North Caucasus, a mountainous region that stretches nearly between the Caspian and Black Seas, has aroused suspicions he might have made contact with militant groups that wage daily violence to establish an Islamist state there.
A statement from militants operating in Dagestan, where the brothers spent time as children, said the Caucasus Emirate which leads the insurgency and is headed by Russia's most wanted man Doku Umarov was not targeting the United States.
"Caucasian mujahideen are not carrying out military actions against the United States. We are fighting with Russia, which is responsible not only for the occupation of the Caucasus but for monstrous crimes against Muslims," said the statement, which did not outright deny any links with the attacks or Tamerlan.
Media reports have said U.S. investigators are looking to see if there is a link between Tamerlan Tsarnaev and the Chechen-born Umarov, who was placed on the U.S. State Department's list of terrorists in 2010.
Insurgent violence, rooted in two separatist wars between Russian troops and Chechen separatists following the fall of the Soviet Union, occurs regularly across the North Caucasus near Sochi, where Moscow plans to hold the 2014 Winter Olympics.
The statement also went to pains to raise suspicions that Russian security forces were involved in Boston attacks.
"If the U.S. government is really interested in finding the real organizers of the explosions in Boston ... then they should focus on the involvement of the Russian special services in the events," the statement read without offering details.
The statement also cited a previously-released video in which Umarov, one of the last surviving original leaders of the Chechen rebellion that began in the early 1990s, issued a moratorium on attacks on civilians in Russia.
"Even regarding our enemy, the government of Russia, with which the Caucasus Emirate is fighting, the order from the Emir of the Caucasus Emirate Doku Umarov remains valid prohibiting strikes against civilian targets," the statement read.
The Caucasus Emirate claimed responsibility for a suicide bombing at Moscow's Domodedovo airport in January 2011 that killed 37 people and for suicide bombings on the Moscow subway that killed 40 people in 2010.
Although 124 people have died in the North Caucasus since the beginning of this year, according to website Caucasian Knot, which tracks the violence, the vast majority of deaths have been militants and security officers.
A combination of religious fervor and anger over corruption and strong arm tactics by local Kremlin-backed rulers against suspected militants are mostly responsible for driving youth into the ranks of the insurgency.
(Reporting by Thomas Grove; Editing by Jason Webb)
As we?ve mentioned before, we?re big data nerds here at Credit Karma and we want to use that data to help consumers better understand their credit and overall financial health. Today, we are kicking off a weekly infographic series. Each week, we?ll look at a different aspect of credit and personal finances through numbers and put the information into easy to read graphics.
This week, we decided to look at the average credit card debt verses the average number of credit cards within different credit ranges. We used our findings to create this infographic. Scroll down to check it out!.
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What jumps out at you in this infographic?
Amy Leone is the Public Relations Coordinator at Credit Karma. Before joining the team in June 2012 she spent most of her career as a TV news producer. When she?s not helping promote Credit Karma on a variety of media outlets, she?s probably out running or exploring her new state of California.
This is a story of three brothers. The oldest brother was known as a real control freak. He wanted to know everything about everyone. He knew what was best for his family and he certainly didn't trust them to make their own choices. Let's call him Big Brother.
The middle brother believed that everyone should do as they please, but not because he knew what was best, but because he felt family members should pull their own weight. He didn't want anyone freeloading off of his hard work and sweat equity -- especially not Big Brother. Let's call him Little Brother.
The youngest brother just wanted to have fun. He was not a very ambitious fellow. The youngest brother would get caught up in the schemes of Big Brother and Little Brother where he was courted as often as he was bullied. The youngest brother lived in relative poverty and didn't have the tools or dollars that his older brothers enjoyed and with which he could defend himself. Let's call this unfortunate soul Social Brother.
One day Social Brother found a genie in a pocket-sized magic lamp that had been created when Little Brother appropriated Big Brother's secrets and transformed them into a product to sell to Social Brother. (This was one of the reasons Big and Little Brother were always fighting -- Little Brother seldom thought of consequences and Big Brother thought of nothing but consequences.)
Now that Social Brother had a magic lamp, it made him nearly as powerful and Big and Little Brother combined. But Social Brother didn't know the traditions that kept genies from upsetting the balance of power nor did Social Brother have an agenda other than perhaps getting some Lulz or getting lucky.
This week, starting with the tragic and sensless bombing of the Boston Marathon on Monday, through a riveting manhunt for two fugitive brothers, and ending in the death of one and apprehension of the other, Social Brother showed us just how powerful his genie (Internet+mobile+social+photography) has become.
Reddit Wanted to Help
It was exciting to see the adhocracy of Reddit self-organize and try to identify those responsible for the bombs. It was a page right out of Gertrude Chandler Warner's Boxcar Children novels. Four orphans flee a society that neither cares for nor wants them and setup an independent life in an abandoned boxcar where they proceed to solve crimes as young sleuths who can out-think the bad guys far better than the adults on the job. (Except that the Boxcar Children had a rich grandfather and didn't really need to run away from society in first place.)
Members of the Reddit (Social Brother) had the best intentions and showed tremendous selfcontrol during their quest to help the authorities (Big Brother). They poured through pictures, discussed theories, and scoured social network profiles and newsfeeds. It was, in point of fact, an awesome job. But a name was leaked and a missing kid was miss identified as a suspect on the run. Once that genie gets out of the lamp there is no putting him back.
I sincerely hope there will not be a next time but of course, there will. What can Social Brother do the next time he wants to help? Well, Social Brother isn't a person or an institution or even a group of people. Social Brother is anyone and everyone with an Internet connection and a computer or smartphone. Instead of castigating Reddit, 4Chan, or any of the other loose collections of individuals that make up Social Brother we just have to learn to follow our own advice: Just because someone says something, even if he or she believes it to be true, doesn't mean it's true. The best journalist know that information has to be verified by multiple sources and the sources themselves have to be varied. We all have to be better journalists because Social Brother isn't a journalist. Social Brother is us.
Twitter Mucks It Up
It fun to "live tweet" an event that is happening in front of you, like a concert or a protest or a crime scene. You're letting the world know what is going on and shining a light on events that are important to the twitterverse (thereby rubbing some of that importance on to you). It's also fun to listen to a police scanner and get caught up in the world of first responders and police actions as they rescue victims and engage bad guys.
The Boston Police Department found the mixture of twitter and police scanners particularly noxious this week and had to ask Social Brother to stop tweeting -- ironically through tweets of their own.
Just as Social Brother can be the "good guys" he can also be the "bad guys." Nothing is stopping fleeing suspects from using Twitter to follow the progress of an investigation or even tweet misinformation of their own. There is a great scene in the original Matrix movie where Morpheus (Little Brother) uses a mobile phone to guide Neo away from pursuing agents (Big Brothers) in an office building. Somehow, in the illogical logic of the movie, the agents were not able to observe Neo as easily as Morpheus even though the agents seemed to be the system admins of that virtual world. In real life logic, there is no privileged point of view and we all have access to Twitter. This is another case where we're just going to have to learn how to restrain ourselves and use good judgement before we tweet. It's OK to be Social Brother when murderers are not involved. Perhaps in the future we'll judge the social mojo of a person not by how many followers they have but by how responsible they are when tweeting.
Facebook Helps
Here's some good news: A case where Social Brother did his job and did it well. The Whalley Brothers spotted a photograph of their injured father at the scene of the bombing. But they could not communicate with him. They called the authorities (Big Brother) but because of a spelling error the authorities were unable to help. The Whalley Brothers didn't know what happened to their mother and father and turned to Facebook (and Social Brother) to find out.
The exciting thing is that it didn't take long for Social Brother to get back the the Whally Brothers with their parent's location and condition. The Facebook community can be compassionate as it can be cruel. We hear mostly about the dark side of Social Brother on Facebook, the kids bullied and teased, the con artists, the hours lost to consuming social drivel. But there is a very bright side where Social Brother raises consciousness, reunites pets with their loved ones, and raises money for noble causes.
Social Brother is Here to Stay
Social Brother, like Big and Little Brother is not good or bad. He just is. He can't be fixed because he isn't broken. But he can be accepted and understood. Don't except Social Brother to come to your rescue. We can't order him around like a personal army. We can't predict what Social Brother is going to take an interest in or make him like or +1 our blog posts and products. And anyone who claims to have the key to Social Brother's innerworkings is trolling us.
In a week where the courage and resolve of Bostonians was severely tested, where all Americans (Big, Little, and Social Brothers alike) rallied in support of justice and worked together towards a common goal, and where Anonymous raised $50,000 dollars to start their own version of The Huffington Post, we witnessed how the intersection of the Internet, mobile computing, social networks, and digital photography creates the news as much as it witnesses the news.
I hope Big, Little, and Social Brother continue to learn to get along.
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Follow John Pavley on Twitter: www.twitter.com/jpavley
Authorities in the small community of West, Texas, which was stunned by a massive explosion in a fertilizer plant on Wednesday, are searching for survivors and clues about what caused the blast, believed to be an accident.
By M. Alex Johnson, John Newland and Tracy Connor, NBC News
Searches resumed at a fertilizer plant early Friday after residents of the Texas town devastated by an explosion gathered to mourn their community's losses.
A non-denominational?service was held at St. Mary of the Assumption Catholic Church on Thursday night.?The Rev. Ed Karasek said that the town "will never be the same, but we will persevere."
He added: "Our hearts are hurting, our hearts are broken."
Officials have said as many as 15 people may have died and more than 160 others were injured in the blast, which occurred just before 8 p.m. local time (9 p.m. ET) Wednesday in the farming town of West a few miles north of Waco.
"The area around the site is just total devastation," Texas Attorney General Greg Abbott said at a news conference Thursday night. He said an apartment complex that was flattened "looks like it was a bombing site of an explosion the kind that you see in Baghdad."
Police initially said between five and 15 people may have been killed, and Mayor Tommy Muska, a member of the town's Fire Department, told NBC News that he feared those numbers could double. But state officials said it was too soon to say how many had died.
Despite the lack of official confirmation, The Associated Press reported that the names of the dead were becoming known in the town of 2,800.
"Word gets around quick in a small town," said local resident?Brenda Covey, 46.?
Earlier, Sgt. Jason Reyes of the Texas Department of Public Safety said he could confirm that "we do have fatalities," but he refused to give any numbers.
"You've got to understand, we are still in a search-and-rescue mode right now," he said.
Tommy Muska, a volunteer firefighter and the mayor of West, Texas, which was rocked by an explosion at a fertilizer plant on Wednesday, talks about the search for survivors and how the town will move forward.
Matt Cawthon, chief deputy sheriff of McLennan County, said Thursday afternoon that the presence of dangerous chemicals at West Fertilizer Co., including ammonium nitrate, was significantly slowing the investigation.
Agents from the state Commission on Environmental Quality and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency were combing the scene "to determine just how dangerous it is for our first responders," he said.
The cause of the fire and explosion remained undetermined, but there was no indication of criminal activity, Waco police Sgt. William Patrick Swanton said. The federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives said it was sending the same National Response Team that worked this week's explosion at the Boston Marathon to lead the Texas investigation.?
"We do not know the number of any fatalities. We do not know where the fire started. We do not know the cause," Assistant State Fire Marshal Kelly Kistner said.
Dozens of homes wrecked The blast, which shook?the ground with the force of?a magnitude-2.1 earthquake,?all but obliterated a five- to six-block radius around the plant, where two massive tanks held highly pressurized anhydrous ammonia. It wrecked about 50 to 75 homes and a middle school. A 50-unit apartment complex had its walls torn off and its roof peeled back.
Rod Aydelotte / AP
The huge blast rocked a small Texas town Wednesday, April 16, killing at least five people and destroying nearby homes.
"It just sucked you in and just threw you to the ground," resident Crystal Jerigan told TODAY, describing how she grabbed her two daughters out of a car and dived through the front door of their house.
"It was very difficult coming into work knowing my family may be coming into the hospital," Melissa James, a social worker at Hillcrest Baptist Medical Center in Waco, said Thursday. Her relatives suffered only minor injuries.
The blast could be felt for miles.
Sammy Chavez of West, who ran to the West Rest Haven nursing home despite being injured, told NBC 5 of Dallas that he found a surreal scene.
"I just saw the explosion, and then after that I took off running, and then I saw the West home, and people you know were buried under the West home. The West home was gone," Chavez said. "It was gone. The school's gone. The apartments are gone. It's horrible."
Mariah Garcia/photo via NBCDFW.com
Smoke rises from the scene of a fertilizer plant explosion near Waco, Texas, on Wednesday, April 17..
Derrick Hurtt was in his truck, recording the fire from about 300 yards, when the flames erupted with a blinding flash, followed by a towering pillar of smoke.
He caught the explosion on his camera, along with the panicked screams of his daughter Khloey, who begged him to drive away.
"I'm pretty sure it lifted the truck off the ground. It just blew me over on top of her," Hurtt said on TODAY. "It all happened so quick that things kind of went black for a moment."
'It is devastated' West has only about 2,700 residents, but the affected area is a densely populated neighborhood, and "it is devastated," Cawthon said.
But while the toll is "immense," said Abbott, the attorney general, "the other thing we clearly saw in touring around West is the clear sign of hope. You can see hope in the eyes of the rescue workers. ... You can see already the beginnings of the community working to piece itself back together."
State officials said the plant had been at the site since 1962. Its state authorization lapsed at some point, but after a 2006 complaint about a smell of ammonia in the air, it came back into compliance, and there have been no more issues.
Satellite view showing the location of West Fertilizer Co. in West, Texas.
Police said that soon after the blast there was one possible report of a looting incident but that it was "not rampant," and no one was being allowed into the search area.
There were also reports of price gouging, said Abbott, who promised that profiteers "will be facing a lawsuit by the Texas attorney general."
In a statement, President Barack Obama thanked first responders, pledged support and offered prayers.
"A tight-knit community has been shaken, and good, hard-working people have lost their lives," Obama said.
Michelle Acevedo, Gabe Gutierrez, Edgar Zuniga Jr. and Matthew DeLuca of NBC News and The Associated Press contributed to this report.
Related:
Texas fertilizer plant also stored explosive chemical used in Oklahoma City bomb
Mayor of Texas town rocked by explosion: 'We're going to fight back'
'The whole street is gone': Bloodied eyewitnesses describe Texas explosion horror
West Fertilizer had few violations, was pillar of community
Texas fertilizer tragedy: How to help
This story was originally published on Thu Apr 18, 2013 8:56 PM EDT
MANCHESTER, England, April 19 (Reuters) - Manchester United winger Ashley Young will miss the rest of the season with an ankle injury, manager Alex Ferguson said on Friday. The England international picked up the problem in this month's 2-1 defeat by Manchester City and attended Wednesday's 2-2 draw at West Ham United on crutches. "Ashley is out for the season," Ferguson, whose side can secure the Premier League title on Monday if they beat Aston Villa and second-placed Manchester City lose at Tottenham Hotspur on Sunday, told MUTV. "It's unfortunate and it's a bad blow. ...
Apr. 17, 2013 ? A key building block in the Schmallenberg virus could be targeted by anti-viral drugs, according to a new study led from the University of Leeds.
The disease, which causes birth defects and stillbirths in sheep, goats and cattle, was first discovered in Germany in late 2011 and has already spread to more than 5,000 farms across Europe, and 1,500 farms in the UK alone.
There is currently no way of treating infected animals, but a study published in Nucleic Acids Research reports that the Schmallenberg virus nucleocapsid protein, which protects its genetic material, could be its Achilles' heel.
A University of Leeds-led team of virologists and structural biologists used X-ray crystallography and electron microscopy to decipher the three-dimensional shape of the nucleocapsid protein and also show how it builds the inner workings of the virus itself.
Dr John Barr, of the University of Leeds' Faculty of Biological Sciences and co-leader of the study, said: "The protein forms a chain a bit like a necklace that wraps around and protects the RNA, the genetic material of the virus. This chain also recruits other proteins that are vital to the virus' ability to multiply and cause disease. We have developed a very finely detailed picture of the shape of the protein and all the nooks and crannies that it needs to present to other molecules to be able to function."
The nucleocapsid proteins bind together in a ring-like structure of four identical protein units, and the ring is held together by contacts between the protein units, a bit like people holding hands in a circle.
Co-lead Dr Tom Edwards, also from Leeds' Faculty of Biological Sciences, said: "The shape of the nucleocapsid protein has shown us important details of how the individual proteins in these rings are interacting. This not only tells us how the virus works, but importantly we think we can block that interaction and disrupt the process of making the ring. That could be the chink in its armour. It would stop the protein wrapping up the RNA, and would essentially kill the virus. We are now designing small molecules that could block ring formation and could therefore be an effective antiviral drug."
The Schmallenberg virus appears to be spread by midges. It causes a relatively mild illness in adult animals but is responsible for stillbirths and birth defects in cattle, sheep and goats.
The Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) believes the disease was probably brought into the UK from infected midges blown across the Channel. It has since spread rapidly, causing severe losses on many holdings across the entire UK. There is new evidence that the Schmallenberg virus can also spread to wild animal populations such as deer and wild boar, raising the possibility that a reservoir of the disease could develop outside the control of farmers and cause problems for many years to come.
Developing a vaccine for the Schmallenberg virus is a possibility. One already exists for the similar Akabane virus, but the discovery by the Leeds-led team is the first step toward developing a treatment that could be used after an animal is infected.
The research was funded by The Wellcome Trust and involved researchers from The University of Leeds, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, The University of St Andrews, The Veterinary Laboratories Agency, and the University of Liverpool. ?
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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Leeds, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.
Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.
Journal Reference:
A. Ariza, S. J. Tanner, C. T. Walter, K. C. Dent, D. A. Shepherd, W. Wu, S. V. Matthews, J. A. Hiscox, T. J. Green, M. Luo, R. M. Elliott, A. R. Fooks, A. E. Ashcroft, N. J. Stonehouse, N. A. Ranson, J. N. Barr, T. A. Edwards. Nucleocapsid protein structures from orthobunyaviruses reveal insight into ribonucleoprotein architecture and RNA polymerization. Nucleic Acids Research, 2013; DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkt268
Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.
Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.
We're clearly shameless, otherwise we wouldn't be here writing this piece starring a modded Xbox 360 gamepad with Engadget logos all over it. At least that's what we imagine you saying, dear reader, while ogling the logo-laden controller above. Despite appearances, however, there's more to Evil Controller's Vision line than flashy blue and white logos that make us feel loved -- the rear plate of the standard Xbox 360 gamepad gets replaced with a custom one featuring Evil's custom LED lights, a micro USB charging port (in addition to the proprietary one), and a much, much more serious battery.
A lithium ion nestles into the backplate (significantly more comfortably than two AAs or Microsoft's own rechargeable battery solution), which offers a supposed 60-hour battery life. That's a dramatic difference compared to Microsoft's batteries, which last (at most) around 15 hours in our experience. The hardware out front retains the quality we've come to expect from 360 gamepads, and that's because it's mostly the stock 360 gamepad you'd buy from Microsoft; the only replacement hardware on the front is the analog sticks, which swap concave for convex. This is essentially the only poor decision on the controller, but one we're willing to overlook for that tripled battery life.
WASHINGTON (AP) ? The top US intelligence official says a congressman revealed classified information when he read aloud a passage from a Defense Intelligence Agency report that said North Korea had the knowhow to put a nuclear warhead on a missile.
Director of National Intelligence James Clapper is telling Congress that the paragraph that Colorado Republican Rep. Doug Lamborn read at a House hearing last week was "mischaracterized as unclassified."
Clapper repeated his contention that North Korea has made progress on its ballistic missile and nuclear program, but has not fully developed, tested or demonstrated the full range of capabilities necessary for a nuclear armed missile, and that the DIA report went further than the rest of the intelligence community.
DNI spokesman Shawn Turner said DIA mislabeled that section of the report.
Contact: Aileen Sheehy press.office@sanger.ac.uk 44-012-234-96928 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Examining function of all genes in the zebrafish genome to benefit human health
Equipped with the zebrafish genome, researchers have designed a method to assay the function of each and every gene and to explore the effects genetic variation has on zebrafish. So far the team has generated one or more mutations in almost 40% of all zebrafish genes.
The resource will be a comprehensive catalogue of how changes to our genes can have physical and biochemical consequences, giving other researchers the tools to understand human disease.
Many genes are similar between the human genome and those of less complex animals. As a vertebrate, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has the same major organs and tissues as humans.
For example, their muscle, blood, kidney and optical structures share many features with the human systems. Zebrafish embryos are transparent, so researchers can easily study their development. Zebrafish share 70% of genes with humans and 84% of genes known to be associated with human disease have a zebrafish counterpart.
"There are several advantages of the zebrafish model," says Dr Leonard Zon, MD, Children's Hospital of Boston MA. "We can readily create variations in their genome that are relevant to human health and disease. This has allowed a greater understanding of gene function and the finding of new targets for drug treatments.
"Several small molecules discovered using the zebrafish system have recently entered into clinical trials. The availability of the genome sequence, coupled with the rapid expansion of disease models and chemical screening ability, ensures that the zebrafish system has a major place in biomedicine."
The high-quality zebrafish reference genome sequence reported today in Nature, has allowed the team to create different mutations in more than 10,000 genes. There are 5,494 genes known to be involved in human disease. So far, the team have identified mutations in 3,188 zebrafish gene counterparts of the 5,494 genes associated with human disease.
Based on traditional methods used to study zebrafish, the team developed a new approach to more efficiently find the consequences of genetic variation in the zebrafish. They create random mutations throughout the genome of the zebrafish and link the mutations to physical or biochemical changes.
"Our aim is to reveal the function of each gene in the zebrafish to shed light on the role of their human counterpart," says Dr Elisabeth Busch-Nentwich, first author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "We make these zebrafish models freely available to the wider scientific and medical communities to support their effort to understand human disease and increase the pace at which medical advancements can be made."
A previous study at the Institute found specific mutations in the gene Titin are potential drivers for the growth of some forms of cancer. The team found that the main function of this gene in zebrafish may be associated with the division of cells in the body. This would explain why changes to this gene can affect the way cells divide and can be a driving force in the growth of cancer.
"Our zebrafish models have already been used to confirm the identity of a gene responsible for a rare disease affecting the development of bones,"
says Dr Ross Kettleborough, first author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "This is just one of many examples where this project has and will advance our understanding of human disease."
Zebrafish have already played a central role in helping to unravel the biological processes behind muscular dystrophies and are an important model for unlocking the mechanisms of cancer and other diseases. This project will help to uncover the biological processes that underlie both common and rare diseases, point to the causal genes and may lead to new treatments.
"Our challenge is to develop a comprehensive, functional understanding of all human genes as quickly as possible," says Dr Derek Stemple, lead author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "Our systematic analysis of zebrafish gene function will advance understanding of human disease."
"This is a resource that will help researchers and clinicians find the gene variations responsible for our inheritance of, and susceptibility to, diseases."
###
Notes to Editors
Publication Details
Ross N. W. Kettleborough, Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich, Steven A. Harvey et al. (2013) 'A systematic genome-wide analysis of zebrafish protein-coding gene function'
Advanced online publication in Nature, 17 April DOI: 10.1038/nature11992
Funding
A full list of funding can be found in the paper
Participating Centres
1. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
2. MRC-CDBG/Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
3. Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center
Selected Websites
With nearly 25,000 of the brightest students from 117 countries coming to learn alongside 1,209 of the world's best academics, it is clear why the University of Sheffield is one of the UK's leading universities. Staff and students at Sheffield are committed to helping discover and understand the causes of things - and propose solutions that have the power to transform the world we live in.
A member of the Russell Group, the University of Sheffield has a reputation for world-class teaching and research excellence across a wide range of disciplines. The University of Sheffield has been named University of the Year in the Times Higher Education Awards 2011 for its exceptional performance in research, teaching, access and business performance. In addition, the University has won four Queen's Anniversary Prizes (1998, 2000, 2002, 2007), recognising the outstanding contribution by universities and colleges to the United Kingdom's intellectual, economic, cultural and social life.
One of the markers of a leading university is the quality of its alumni and Sheffield boasts five Nobel Prize winners among former staff and students. Its alumni have gone on to hold positions of great responsibility and influence all over the world, making significant contributions in their chosen fields.
Research partners and clients include Boeing, Rolls-Royce, Unilever, Boots, AstraZeneca, GSK, Siemens, Yorkshire Water and many more household names, as well as UK and overseas government agencies and charitable foundations.
The University has well-established partnerships with a number of universities and major corporations, both in the UK and abroad. The White Rose University Consortium (White Rose) is a strategic partnership between 3 of the UK's leading research universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York. Since its creation in 1997 White Rose has secured more than 100M into the Universities.
Over the past century, the Medical Research Council has been at the forefront of scientific discovery to improve human health. Founded in 1913 to tackle tuberculosis, the MRC now invests taxpayers' money in some of the best medical research in the world across every area of health.
Twenty-nine MRC-funded researchers have won Nobel prizes in a wide range of disciplines, and MRC scientists have been behind such diverse discoveries as vitamins, the structure of DNA and the link between smoking and cancer, as well as achievements such as pioneering the use of randomised controlled trials, the invention of MRI scanning, and the development of a group of antibodies used in the making of some of the most successful drugs ever developed.
Today, MRC-funded scientists tackle some of the greatest health problems facing humanity in the 21st century, from the rising tide of chronic diseases associated with ageing to the threats posed by rapidly mutating micro-organisms. http://www.mrc.ac.uk
The MRC Centenary Timeline chronicles 100 years of life-changing discoveries and shows how our research has had a lasting influence on healthcare and wellbeing in the UK and globally, right up to the present day. http://www.centenary.mrc.ac.uk
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute is one of the world's leading genome centres. Through its ability to conduct research at scale, it is able to engage in bold and long-term exploratory projects that are designed to influence and empower medical science globally. Institute research findings, generated through its own research programmes and through its leading role in international consortia, are being used to develop new diagnostics and treatments for human disease.
http://www.sanger.ac.uk
The Wellcome Trust is a global charitable foundation dedicated to achieving extraordinary improvements in human and animal health. We support the brightest minds in biomedical research and the medical humanities. Our breadth of support includes public engagement, education and the application of research to improve health. We are independent of both political and commercial interests.
http://www.wellcome.ac.uk
Contact details
Don Powell Media Manager
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
Tel +44 (0)1223 496 928
Mobile +44 (0)7753 7753 97
Email press.office@sanger.ac.uk
End of Notes to Editors
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Contact: Aileen Sheehy press.office@sanger.ac.uk 44-012-234-96928 Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Examining function of all genes in the zebrafish genome to benefit human health
Equipped with the zebrafish genome, researchers have designed a method to assay the function of each and every gene and to explore the effects genetic variation has on zebrafish. So far the team has generated one or more mutations in almost 40% of all zebrafish genes.
The resource will be a comprehensive catalogue of how changes to our genes can have physical and biochemical consequences, giving other researchers the tools to understand human disease.
Many genes are similar between the human genome and those of less complex animals. As a vertebrate, the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has the same major organs and tissues as humans.
For example, their muscle, blood, kidney and optical structures share many features with the human systems. Zebrafish embryos are transparent, so researchers can easily study their development. Zebrafish share 70% of genes with humans and 84% of genes known to be associated with human disease have a zebrafish counterpart.
"There are several advantages of the zebrafish model," says Dr Leonard Zon, MD, Children's Hospital of Boston MA. "We can readily create variations in their genome that are relevant to human health and disease. This has allowed a greater understanding of gene function and the finding of new targets for drug treatments.
"Several small molecules discovered using the zebrafish system have recently entered into clinical trials. The availability of the genome sequence, coupled with the rapid expansion of disease models and chemical screening ability, ensures that the zebrafish system has a major place in biomedicine."
The high-quality zebrafish reference genome sequence reported today in Nature, has allowed the team to create different mutations in more than 10,000 genes. There are 5,494 genes known to be involved in human disease. So far, the team have identified mutations in 3,188 zebrafish gene counterparts of the 5,494 genes associated with human disease.
Based on traditional methods used to study zebrafish, the team developed a new approach to more efficiently find the consequences of genetic variation in the zebrafish. They create random mutations throughout the genome of the zebrafish and link the mutations to physical or biochemical changes.
"Our aim is to reveal the function of each gene in the zebrafish to shed light on the role of their human counterpart," says Dr Elisabeth Busch-Nentwich, first author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "We make these zebrafish models freely available to the wider scientific and medical communities to support their effort to understand human disease and increase the pace at which medical advancements can be made."
A previous study at the Institute found specific mutations in the gene Titin are potential drivers for the growth of some forms of cancer. The team found that the main function of this gene in zebrafish may be associated with the division of cells in the body. This would explain why changes to this gene can affect the way cells divide and can be a driving force in the growth of cancer.
"Our zebrafish models have already been used to confirm the identity of a gene responsible for a rare disease affecting the development of bones,"
says Dr Ross Kettleborough, first author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "This is just one of many examples where this project has and will advance our understanding of human disease."
Zebrafish have already played a central role in helping to unravel the biological processes behind muscular dystrophies and are an important model for unlocking the mechanisms of cancer and other diseases. This project will help to uncover the biological processes that underlie both common and rare diseases, point to the causal genes and may lead to new treatments.
"Our challenge is to develop a comprehensive, functional understanding of all human genes as quickly as possible," says Dr Derek Stemple, lead author from the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. "Our systematic analysis of zebrafish gene function will advance understanding of human disease."
"This is a resource that will help researchers and clinicians find the gene variations responsible for our inheritance of, and susceptibility to, diseases."
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Notes to Editors
Publication Details
Ross N. W. Kettleborough, Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich, Steven A. Harvey et al. (2013) 'A systematic genome-wide analysis of zebrafish protein-coding gene function'
Advanced online publication in Nature, 17 April DOI: 10.1038/nature11992
Funding
A full list of funding can be found in the paper
Participating Centres
1. Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
2. MRC-CDBG/Department of Biomedical Science, The University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
3. Hubrecht Institute, KNAW and University Medical Center
Selected Websites
With nearly 25,000 of the brightest students from 117 countries coming to learn alongside 1,209 of the world's best academics, it is clear why the University of Sheffield is one of the UK's leading universities. Staff and students at Sheffield are committed to helping discover and understand the causes of things - and propose solutions that have the power to transform the world we live in.
A member of the Russell Group, the University of Sheffield has a reputation for world-class teaching and research excellence across a wide range of disciplines. The University of Sheffield has been named University of the Year in the Times Higher Education Awards 2011 for its exceptional performance in research, teaching, access and business performance. In addition, the University has won four Queen's Anniversary Prizes (1998, 2000, 2002, 2007), recognising the outstanding contribution by universities and colleges to the United Kingdom's intellectual, economic, cultural and social life.
One of the markers of a leading university is the quality of its alumni and Sheffield boasts five Nobel Prize winners among former staff and students. Its alumni have gone on to hold positions of great responsibility and influence all over the world, making significant contributions in their chosen fields.
Research partners and clients include Boeing, Rolls-Royce, Unilever, Boots, AstraZeneca, GSK, Siemens, Yorkshire Water and many more household names, as well as UK and overseas government agencies and charitable foundations.
The University has well-established partnerships with a number of universities and major corporations, both in the UK and abroad. The White Rose University Consortium (White Rose) is a strategic partnership between 3 of the UK's leading research universities of Leeds, Sheffield and York. Since its creation in 1997 White Rose has secured more than 100M into the Universities.
Over the past century, the Medical Research Council has been at the forefront of scientific discovery to improve human health. Founded in 1913 to tackle tuberculosis, the MRC now invests taxpayers' money in some of the best medical research in the world across every area of health.
Twenty-nine MRC-funded researchers have won Nobel prizes in a wide range of disciplines, and MRC scientists have been behind such diverse discoveries as vitamins, the structure of DNA and the link between smoking and cancer, as well as achievements such as pioneering the use of randomised controlled trials, the invention of MRI scanning, and the development of a group of antibodies used in the making of some of the most successful drugs ever developed.
Today, MRC-funded scientists tackle some of the greatest health problems facing humanity in the 21st century, from the rising tide of chronic diseases associated with ageing to the threats posed by rapidly mutating micro-organisms. http://www.mrc.ac.uk
The MRC Centenary Timeline chronicles 100 years of life-changing discoveries and shows how our research has had a lasting influence on healthcare and wellbeing in the UK and globally, right up to the present day. http://www.centenary.mrc.ac.uk
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute is one of the world's leading genome centres. Through its ability to conduct research at scale, it is able to engage in bold and long-term exploratory projects that are designed to influence and empower medical science globally. Institute research findings, generated through its own research programmes and through its leading role in international consortia, are being used to develop new diagnostics and treatments for human disease.
http://www.sanger.ac.uk
The Wellcome Trust is a global charitable foundation dedicated to achieving extraordinary improvements in human and animal health. We support the brightest minds in biomedical research and the medical humanities. Our breadth of support includes public engagement, education and the application of research to improve health. We are independent of both political and commercial interests.
http://www.wellcome.ac.uk
Contact details
Don Powell Media Manager
Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
Tel +44 (0)1223 496 928
Mobile +44 (0)7753 7753 97
Email press.office@sanger.ac.uk
End of Notes to Editors
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This illustration of a bright comet over Mars was created by artist Kim Poor.
By Space.com
A comet that had a slim chance of crashing into Mars in 2014 will almost certainly fly harmlessly past the Red Planet, scientists say.
NASA researchers had given?Comet C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring)?a 1-in-8,000 chance of striking the Red Planet in October 2014, but revised calculations now put the possibility of an impact at just 1 in 120,000.
While the odds of a?Mars?comet strike are now exceedingly remote, the new information also suggests that Siding Spring will fly closer to the planet than originally expected.
"Based on data through April 7, 2013, the latest orbital plot places the comet's closest approach to Mars slightly closer than previous estimates, at about 68,000 miles (110,000 kilometers)," NASA officials wrote in a statement on Friday.
It is possible that the fleet of NASA spacecraft on and orbiting Mars will be able to catch sight of the passing comet, but it might be challenging.?
"The issue with Mars Odyssey and the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter will be the ability to point them in the right direction; they are used to looking down, not up," Jim Bell, a planetary scientist and Mars imaging specialist at Arizona State University, said in a statement. "Mission designers will have to figure out if that is possible."
NASA's Opportunity and Curiosity rovers also might have difficulty observing the event.
"Opportunity is solar-powered and so would need to dip into reserve battery power to operate the cameras at night," Bell said. "Whether or not we will be able to do this will depend on how much power the rover is getting from dusty solar panels in the daytime. On the other hand, Curiosity is nuclear-powered, so it could have better odds at night-time imaging."
Comet Siding Spring will make its closest approach to Mars on Oct. 19, 2014, according to NASA officials.
The comet was discovered on Jan. 3 by astronomer Robert McNaught using the Siding Spring Survey Observatory in Australia, during a search for asteroids that might pose a threat to Earth.
Follow us @Spacedotcom, Facebook?and Google+. Original article on?Space.com.
Copyright 2013 SPACE.com, a TechMediaNetwork company. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.
SAN JOSE, Calif. (AP) ? Eight days after allegedly being sexually battered while passed out at a party, and then humiliated by online photos of the assault, 15-year-old Audrie Pott posted on Facebook that her life was ruined, "worst day ever," and hanged herself.
For the next eight months, her family struggled to figure out what happened to their soccer loving, artistic, horse crazy daughter, whose gentle smile, long dark hair and shining eyes did not bely a struggling soul.
And then on Thursday, seven months after the tragedy, a Northern California sheriff's office arrested three 16-year-old boys on charges of sexual battery.
"The family has been trying to understand why their loving daughter would have taken her life at such a young age and to make sure that those responsible would be held accountable," said family attorney Robert Allard.
"After an extensive investigation that we have conducted on behalf of the family, there is no doubt in our minds that the victim, then only 15 years old, was savagely assaulted by her fellow high school students while she lay on a bed completely unconscious."
Allard said students used cell phones to share photos of the attack, and that the images went viral.
Santa Clara County Sheriff's Lt. Jose Cardoza said it arrested two of the teens at Saratoga High School and the third, a former Saratoga High student, at Christopher High School in Gilroy on Thursday. The names of the suspects were not released because they are minors.
Cardoza said the suspects were booked into juvenile hall and face two felonies and one misdemeanor each, all related to sexual battery that allegedly occurred at a Saratoga house party.
The lieutenant said the arrests were the result of information gathered by his agency's Saratoga High School resource officers. He said the investigation is ongoing, and Los Gatos police also continue looking into the girl's September suicide.
The Associated Press does not, as a rule, identify victims of sexual assault. But in this case, Pott's family wanted her name and case known, Allard said. The family also provided a photo to the AP.
The girl's family members did not comment and have requested privacy until a planned news conference Tuesday. Her father and step-mother Lawrence and Lisa Pott, along with her mother Sheila Pott, have started the Audrie Pott Foundation (audriepottfoundation.com) to provide music and art scholarships and offer youth counseling and support.
The foundation website alludes to the teen's struggles, but until now neither law enforcement, school officials nor family have discussed the sexual battery.
"She was compassionate about life, her friends, her family, and would never do anything to harm anyone," the site says. "She was in the process of developing the ability to cope with the cruelty of this world but had not quite figured it all out.
"Ultimately, she had not yet acquired the antibiotics to deal with the challenges present for teens in today's society."
On the day Pott died, Saratoga High School principal Paul Robinson announced her death, stunning classmates. Two days later other students and staff wore her favorite color, teal, in her honor.
Robinson wasn't immediately available for comment Thursday.
The Pott family is not alone.
In Canada on Thursday, authorities said they are looking further into the case of a teenage girl who hanged herself Sunday after an alleged rape and months of bullying. A photo said to be of the 2011 assault on 17-year-old Rehtaeh Parsons was shared online.
No charges initially were filed against four teenage boys being investigated. But after an outcry, Nova Scotia's justice minister appointed four government departments to look into Parsons' case.
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, left, talks with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se during a joint press conference at Foreign Ministry in Seoul, South Korea, Friday, April 12, 2013. Kerry is making his first-ever visit to Seoul amid strong suspicion that North Korea may soon test a mid-range missile. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, left, talks with South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se during a joint press conference at Foreign Ministry in Seoul, South Korea, Friday, April 12, 2013. Kerry is making his first-ever visit to Seoul amid strong suspicion that North Korea may soon test a mid-range missile. (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, left, and South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se chat as they pose for photos before their meeting at the foreign ministry in Seoul, Friday, April 12, 2013. Kerry arrived in South Korea on Friday on an unusual diplomatic journey, traveling directly into a region bracing for a possible North Korean missile test and risking that his presence alone could spur Pyongyang into another headline-seeking provocation. (AP Photo/Lee Jae-won, Pool)
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry arrives at Seoul military airport in Seongnam, South Korea, Friday, April 12, 2013. Kerry is traveling to Asia to meet with U.S. allies and visit here on the first leg of his three-nation Asian tour. (AP Photo/Paul J. Richards, Pool)
South Korean protesters hold placards during a rally denouncing the joint military exercises between South Korea and U.S. and demanding U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry go to North Korea for peace talks, near the U.S. Embassy in Seoul, South Korea, Friday, April 12, 2013. Kerry is traveling to Asia to meet with U.S. allies and visit here on the first leg of his three-nation Asian tour. The letters read "Stop war exercises." (AP Photo/Lee Jin-man)
U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry, third left, is escorted by U.S. Ambasador to South Korea Sung Y. Kim, second left, and Deputy director general of South Korea's Foriegn Ministry, Moon Seoung-hyun, center, upon arrival at Seoul air base in Seoul, Friday, April 12, 2013. Kerry arrived in South Korea on Friday on an unusual diplomatic journey, traveling directly into a region bracing for a possible North Korean missile test and risking that his presence alone could spur Pyongyang into another headline-seeking provocation. (AP Photo/Paul J. Richards, Pool)
SEOUL, South Korea (AP) ? U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry delivered a stark warning to North Korea on Friday not to test-fire a mid-range missile, while rejecting a new U.S. intelligence report suggesting significant progress in the communist regime's nuclear weapons program.
Kicking off four days of talks in an East Asia beset by increasing North Korean threats, Kerry told reporters in Seoul that Pyongyang and its enigmatic young leader would only increase their isolation if they launched the missile that American officials believe has a range of some 2,500 miles ? or enough to reach the U.S. territory of Guam.
"If Kim Jong Un decides to launch a missile, whether it's across the Sea of Japan or some other direction, he will be choosing willfully to ignore the entire international community," Kerry told reporters. "And it will be a provocation and unwanted act that will raise people's temperatures."
Kerry said the test would be a "huge mistake" for Kim.
"It will further isolate his country and further isolate his people who are desperate for food and not missile launches," he warned. "They are desperate for opportunity and not for a leader to flex his muscles."
Kerry's diplomatic tour, while planned long in advance, is unusual in that it brings him directly to a region of escalated tensions and precisely at a time when North Korea is threatening action. The North often times its military and nuclear tests to generate maximum attention, and Kerry's presence on the peninsula alone risked spurring Pyongyang into another provocation. Another key date is the 101st birthday of the nation's founder, Kim Il Sung, on April 15.
After meeting South Korean President Park Geun-hye and Foreign Minister Yun Byung-se, Kerry also weighed in on an intelligence report that rocked Washington on Thursday and suggested that North Korea now had the knowhow to arm a ballistic missile with a nuclear warhead ? even if the weapons would lack reliability. Citing the Pentagon's assessment, Kerry rejected the finding and said that Pyongyang still hadn't developed or fully tested the nuclear capacities needed for such a step.
Kerry offered strong words of solidarity for South Korea, praising Park's "bright vision" of a prosperous and reunified Korean Peninsula without nuclear weapons. By contrast, he said North Korea's Kim, by estimates only 29 or 30 years old, has a choice to make between provocation and returning to talks to de-escalate tension and lead to the end of its nuclear program.
"It's up to Kim Jong Un what he decides to do," Kerry said.
A missile launch, he said, "is not going to change our current position which is very clear: We will defend our allies. We will stand with South Korea and Japan against these threats. And we will defend ourselves."
Speaking beside Kerry, South Korea's Yun called for more United Nations action against Pyongyang if it commits another provocation.
He refused to comment specifically on the U.S. intelligence report, saying only that the North has "high nuclear and missile capabilities" but that it is still some time away from a nuclear bomb that is "small, light and diversified."
Both Yun and Kerry kept the door open for future negotiations with Pyongyang.
But both seemed to suggest that they were unlikely in light of the North's increasingly bombastic threats, including nuclear strikes on the United States. Most experts say those are unfeasible based on the North's current capacity and would never be explored seriously because the U.S. response would be overwhelming against a regime focused primarily on survival.
Kerry said any talks with North Korea have to lead toward denuclearization.
They have to be really serious," Kerry said. "No one is going to talk for the sake of talking and no one is going to play this round-robin game that gets repeated every few years, which is both unnecessary and dangerous."
Officially not for sale until April 19, but some folks are hearing differently -- and one fellow scored his today!
Update: We reached out to AT&T, and can confirm that the official release date is still April 19.
If you're ready to buy the HTC One from AT&T, you might want to go visit your local store this evening. That's what go3go from the forums did, and he walked out with a shiny new HTC One in silver for his troubles.
Just went in to my local AT&T store to check up on the pre-order deal with the media link since it said it was out of stock online. Was told the pre-order period was last week and the phone was out today. Walked out with a silver 32 gig. Still kind of in shock, since I was convinced it wouldn't be out till next week O_o
It's a kick-ass phone, and we're glad that go3go was able to get his, but we have to wonder -- was the AT&T salesperson a bit confused about which HTC phone was released today, or is this just a quiet early launch? "Officially" the HTC One goes on sale April 19.
If you dropped in on AT&T and checked, what did you find out? Let us know in the comments, and be sure to congratulate go3go on his score.